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2016), and is less influenced by stand disturbances (Rydval et al. 2015) and age-related signal-muting (Konter et al. 2020a), shows less biological persistence (Esper et al. MXD generally contains a stronger climate signal with higher signal-to-noise ratios (Ljungqvist et al. There are numerous advantages of MXD over tree-ring width (TRW) as a climate proxy. It is, moreover, evident from the literature that wood density of the latewood, maximum density (MXD), is particularly skillful in characterizing past temperature changes over the past one to two millennia (e.g., Björklund et al. This region is, in fact, one of the most prominent regions in the world for high-quality tree-ring based temperature reconstructions (Esper et al. 2019).Ĭlimate reconstructions over the Common Era (CE) in Scandinavia rely heavily on information derived from tree-ring data. Establishing a baseline variability unperturbed by significant anthropogenic forcing over decadal-to-centennial time-scales therefore require a perspective that can be obtained only from pre-industrial hydroclimate information (Cook et al. These constraints present challenges in our ability to separate the role of anthropogenic forcing, natural forcing, and long-term natural variability in post-industrial hydroclimate change (Barnett et al. However, achieving such understanding is not straightforward due to the chaotic nature of intrinsic climate variability, which in the short-term, as well as on decadal and longer time scales can amplify or dampen forced trends and signals (Ljungqvist et al. This includes a robust understanding of the sensitivity of the climate system to different forcings. The prospect of future global-scale climate change modifying exposure to drought warrants the urgent need for a better understanding of regional drought dynamics, associated physical mechanisms, and the range of conditions that can be expected in the future, as a sound basis for the successful implementation of mitigation and adaptation strategies (Toreti et al. The drought vulnerability of the usually cool and wet region of northern Europe was highlighted in the extreme 2018 summer drought.
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#Silverfast epson expression 10000xl it8 calibration full#
Increasing the spatio-temporal coverage of hydroclimate records in northern Europe, and taking full advantage of the opportunities offered by the wood densitometric properties should be considered a research priority. These findings emphasize that tree-rings, and in particular wood density parameters such as from BI, are capable of providing fundamental information to advance our understanding of hydroclimate variability in regions with a cool and rather humid climate regime that traditionally has been overlooked in studies of past droughts. Additionally, we found that earlywood BI also reflect a positive late winter through early summer temperature signal. Using ΔBI as an alternative to ring-width improves the predictive skill with nearly a 20 percentage points increase in explained variance, reduces signal instability over time as well as allows a broader seasonal window (May–July) to be reconstructed. The ΔBI parameter, in particular, shows considerable potential for hydroclimate reconstructions, here permitting a cross-validated precipitation reconstruction capable of explaining 56% (1901–2010 period) of regional-scale warm-season high-frequency precipitation variance. Our results show that all tree-ring parameters and sites share a clear and strong sensitivity to warm-season precipitation. In this study, we provide the first assessment of the dendroclimatic potential of Blue Intensity (BI) and partial ring-width measurements (latewood and earlywood width series) from a network of cold and drought-prone Pinus sylvestris L.
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In Northern Europe, progress in this field has been hampered by a relative lack of long and truly moisture-sensitive proxy records. High-resolution hydroclimate proxy records are essential for distinguishing natural hydroclimate variability from possible anthropogenically-forced changes, since instrumental precipitation observations are too short to represent the whole spectrum of natural variability.